Pavel Haas who was born in 1899, was a Jewish composer from Czechoslovakia, who had his promising career tragically cut short when he was killed in Auschwitz in 1944. His music, once forgotten, is gradually gaining recognition, thanks to dedicated efforts by surviving colleagues and scholars. Haas was a student of Leoš Janáček, and his music reflects the influence of Moravian folk tunes and Jewish liturgical music. One of his most significant works, the Wind Quintet (1929), showcases his distinct style, blending rhythmic complexity and folk influences, much like his teacher Janáček’s Mládí.
Written on the eve of the tumult of the 1930s and infused with the bleakness and forboding of the period, it remained largely unknown for decades, with nearly all copies lost during World War II. However, Czech musicologist Lubomír Peduzzi, a former student of Haas, discovered the manuscript in the Moravian Museum in Brno. His 1991 edition of the work has helped the piece find its place alongside other important wind quintets of the interwar period, such as those by Nielsen, Schoenberg, and Hindemith.
The Wind Quintet is a four-movement work characterized by its emotional depth and modal melodies. The first movement, Preludio, begins with a folk-like tune, while the second, Pregheira (“Prayer”), conveys a heartfelt spiritual yearning. The third movement, Ballo Eccentrico, is a lively, quirky dance, and the final movement, rooted in Moravian folk music, ends with an expansive, triumphant chord. Despite its predominantly minor tonality, the work is varied in mood, alternating between seriousness and cheerfulness, much like Janáček’s compositions.
Haas’ music, though overshadowed by the atrocities of the Holocaust, is now recognized as a significant contribution to 20th-century chamber music. His Wind Quintet, in particular, stands as a powerful and original work, blending folk traditions with modern compositional techniques, and is gradually earning its place in the standard repertoire.
